WoodBeam3.5 × 5.5 in actual

4x6 Lumber Dimensions

Rectangular beam stock. Strong in one direction only, so orientation on the drawing matters — turning it on its side loses most of the depth.

4" nom.6" nominal3-1/2" actual5-1/2" actual4x6
4x6 section — nominal vs dressedDashed = nominal 4 × 6 in · solid = actual 3.5 × 5.5 in. Drawn to a single scale.

Quick specificationwhat the size actually measures

Nominal size4 × 6 in (101.6 × 152.4 mm)
Actual size (dry)3.5 × 5.5 in (88.9 × 139.7 mm)
Actual size (green)3.5625 × 5.5625 in (90.49 × 141.29 mm)
Dressed section area19.25 in² (124.19 cm²)
Removed per face0.25 in off the thickness, 0.25 in off the width
Trade groupBeam

Dimensionsnominal against dressed, and why they differ

The nominal figure of 4 × 6 inches describes the rough green board. After drying and planing on four faces the section measures 3.5 by 5.5 inches — that is, 0.25 inch off each of the wide faces and 0.25 inch off each edge.

Every page in this database is generated from the dressed figure, because that is the section that has to carry the load and take the fixing. If you are sizing a beam, checking a fixing length or estimating a delivery, use 3.5 × 5.5 inches (88.9 × 139.7 mm) rather than the nominal call size.

By lengthboard feet, volume and weight for each tabulated length

LengthBoard feetActual volumeWeight (Spruce (Sitka))
4x6x6120.8021 ft³21.53 lb
4x6x8161.0694 ft³28.71 lb
4x6x10201.3368 ft³35.89 lb
4x6x12241.6042 ft³43.06 lb
4x6x14281.8715 ft³50.24 lb
4x6x16322.1389 ft³57.42 lb

Two different bases, deliberately. Board feet is calculated from the nominal section, because that is the pricing convention. Volume and weight use the actual section, because that is the material actually present. A 2x4x8 is 5.33 board feet but only 1.0694 cubic feet.

Weight by speciesthe same section, every species in the database

Wood database
SpeciesDensity4x6x8 weight
Balsa0.16 g/cm³10.68 lb · 4.84 kg
Cedar (Western Red)0.37 g/cm³24.7 lb · 11.2 kg
Poplar (Yellow)0.42 g/cm³28.04 lb · 12.72 kg
Basswood0.42 g/cm³28.04 lb · 12.72 kg
Redwood0.42 g/cm³28.04 lb · 12.72 kg
Spruce (Sitka)0.43 g/cm³28.71 lb · 13.02 kg
Cedar (Eastern Red)0.47 g/cm³31.38 lb · 14.23 kg
Hemlock (Western)0.47 g/cm³31.38 lb · 14.23 kg
Cypress (Bald)0.48 g/cm³32.05 lb · 14.54 kg
Fir (Douglas)0.53 g/cm³35.38 lb · 16.05 kg
Pine (Southern Yellow)0.55 g/cm³36.72 lb · 16.66 kg
Mahogany (Honduran)0.55 g/cm³36.72 lb · 16.66 kg
Cherry (Black)0.56 g/cm³37.39 lb · 16.96 kg
Larch0.58 g/cm³38.72 lb · 17.56 kg
Teak0.63 g/cm³42.06 lb · 19.08 kg
OSB (Oriented Strand Board)0.65 g/cm³43.4 lb · 19.69 kg
Walnut (Black)0.66 g/cm³44.06 lb · 19.99 kg
Ash (White)0.67 g/cm³44.73 lb · 20.29 kg
Birch Plywood0.68 g/cm³45.4 lb · 20.59 kg
Birch (Yellow Birch)0.69 g/cm³46.07 lb · 20.9 kg
Bamboo0.7 g/cm³46.73 lb · 21.2 kg
Maple (Hard Maple)0.705 g/cm³47.07 lb · 21.35 kg
Beech (American)0.72 g/cm³48.07 lb · 21.8 kg
Oak0.75 g/cm³50.07 lb · 22.71 kg
MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard)0.75 g/cm³50.07 lb · 22.71 kg
Hickory0.82 g/cm³54.75 lb · 24.83 kg
Rosewood (East Indian)0.85 g/cm³56.75 lb · 25.74 kg
Ipe1 g/cm³66.76 lb · 30.28 kg

Weights are derived, not quoted: density at about 12% moisture content × actual volume. Treat them as a floor — green stock stays heavier until it dries.

Where it is usedtypical applications for this section

BeamsDeck girdersPostsSills

Frequently asked questionsabout 4x6

What are the actual dimensions of a 4x6?

3.5 × 5.5 inches — 88.9 × 139.7 millimetres. The nominal call size of 4 × 6 inches is the rough green section, before planing and drying.

How much does a 4x6 weigh?

That depends on the species and the length, which is why this page gives both rather than one figure. A 4x6x8 of Spruce (Sitka) weighs about 28.71 lb (13.02 kg); the table above covers every species in the database at that length.

Is a green 4x6 the same size?

No — unseasoned stock is dressed to 3.5625 × 5.5625 inches, slightly larger, because it shrinks to the dry size as it seasons. Mixing green and dry material in the same assembly will show a step once the green pieces dry.

How do I convert a 4x6 to board feet?

Multiply the nominal thickness, width and length in inches and divide by 144. For a 4x6x8 that is (4 × 6 × 96) ÷ 144 = 16 board feet.

Other lumber sizesevery nominal size in the database

Lumber size database